Answer: lidocaine was applied downstream of R1
In the presence of lidocaine the action potential was NOT affected at R1 because _______.
As an action potential (nerve impulse) travels down an axon there is a change in polarity across the membrane of the axon. In response to a signal from another neuron sodium- (Na +) and potassium- (K +) gated ion channels open and close as the membrane reaches its threshold potential .Na + channels open at the beginning of the action potential and Na + moves into the axon causing depolarization.
Because of these properties L-type channels are important in sustaining an action potential while T-type channels are important in initiating them. [9] By increasing intracellular calcium via the action of the L-type channels the action potential can be sustained for longer and therefore contractility increases.
Action potential - Wikipedia
Action potential - Wikipedia
Action potential - Wikipedia
Saxitoxin - Wikipedia
A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of pain sensation. In the context of surgery a local anesthetic creates an absence of pain in a specific location of the body without a loss of consciousness as opposed to a general anesthetic.When it is used on specific nerve pathways (local anesthetic nerve block) paralysis (loss of muscle power) also can be achieved.
Glutamate is the most prominent neurotransmitter in the body and is the main excitatory neurotransmitter being prese...
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