Answer: They provide transport proteins with the energy needed to pump molecules against their concentration gradients.
Why are ATPases associated with active transport proteins?

There are different types of ATPases which can differ in function (ATP synthesis and/or hydrolysis) structure (F- V- and A-ATPases contain rotary motors) and in the type of ions they transport. • Rotary ATPases • P-ATPases (E1E2-ATPases) are found in bacteria fungi and in eukaryotic plasma membranes and organelles and function to transport a variety of different ions across membranes.

Unlike passive transport which uses the kinetic energy and natural entropy of molecules moving down a gradient active transport uses cellular energy to move them against a gradient polar repulsion or other resistance. Active transport is usually associated with accumulating high concentrations of molecules that the cell needs such as ions glucose and amino acids. Examples of active transport include the uptake of glucose in the intestines in humans and the uptake of mineral ions into root hair cells of plants.

The P-type ATPases also known as E1-E2 ATPases are a large group of evolutionarily related ion and lipid pumps that are found in bacteria archaea and eukaryotes. P-type ATPases are α-helical bundle primary transporters named based upon their ability to catalyze auto- phosphorylation of a key conserved aspartate residue within the pump and their energy source adenosine triphosphate. …

As an ion pump the H + /K + ATPase is able to transport ions against a concentration gradient using energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP. Like all P-type ATPases a phosphate group is transferred from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the H + /K + ATPase during the transport cycle. This phosphate transfer powers a conformational change in the enzyme that helps drive ion transport.

ABC transporters are active transporters that is they use energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to translocate substrates across cell membranes. These proteins harnes...

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