Answer: Mastering Biology 1 - 5
DNA and RNA are both examples of ________________. proteins lipids carbohydrates nucleic acids
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development functioning growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) nucleic acids a…
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development functioning growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) nucleic acids are one of the four major types of macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life. The two DNA strands are known as polynucleotides as they are composed of simpler monomeric units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of one of four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C] guanine [G] adenine [A] or thymine [T]) a sugar called deoxyribose and a phosphate group. The nucleotides are joined to one another in a chain by covalent bonds (known as the phospho-diester linkage) between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next resulting in an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. The nitrogenous bases of the two separate polynucleotide strands are bound together according to base pairing rules (A with T and C with G) with hydrogen bonds to make double-stranded DNA. The complementary nitrogenous bases are divided into two groups pyrimidines and purines. In DNA the pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine; the purines are adenine and guanine. Both strands of double-stranded DNA store the same biological information. This information is replicated as and when the two strands separate. A large part of DNA (more than 98% for humans) is non-coding meaning that these sections do not serve as patterns for protein sequences. The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions to each other and are thus antiparallel. Attached to each sugar is one of four types of nucleobases (informally bases). It is the sequence of these four nucleobases along the backbone that encodes genetic information. RNA strands are created using DNA strands as a template in a process c… Read more on Wikipedia
DNA is a long polymer made from repeating units called nucleotides each of which is usually symbolized by a single letter: either A T C or G. The structure of DNA is dynamic along its length being capable of coiling into tight loops and other shapes. In all species it is composed of two helical chains bound to each other by hydrogen bonds . Both chains are coiled around the same axis and h…
DNA is a long polymer made from repeating units called nucleotides each of which is usually symbolized by a single letter: either A T C or G. The structure of DNA is dynamic along its length being capable of coiling into tight loops and other shapes. In all species it is composed of two helical chains bound to each other by hydrogen bonds . Both chains are coiled around the same axis and have the same pitch of 34 angstroms (Å) (3.4 nanometres ). The pair of chains have a radius of 10 angstroms (1.0 nanometre). According to another study when measured in a different solution the DNA chain measured 22 to 26 angstroms wide (2.2 to 2.6 nanometres) and one nucleotide unit measured 3.3 Å (0.33 nm) long. Although each individual nucleotide is very small a DNA polymer can be very large and may contain hundreds of millions of nucleotides such as in chromosome 1 . Chromosome 1 is the largest human chromosome with approximately 220 million base pairs and would be 85 mm long if straightened. DNA does not usually exist as a single strand but instead as a pair of strands that are held tightly together. These two long strands coi...
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